1132 - Battle of Nocera between Ranulf II of Alife and Roger II of Sicily.
1411 - Battle of Harlaw, one of the bloodiest battles in Scotland, takes place.
1823 - Slavery is abolished in Chile.
1866 - Reconstruction: Tennessee becomes the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.
1911 - Hiram Bingham III re-discovers Machu Picchu, "the Lost City of the Incas".
1950 - Cape Canaveral Air Force Station begins operations with the launch of a Bumper rocket.
1967 - During an official state visit to Canada, French President Charles de Gaulle declares to a crowd of over 100,000 in Montreal: Vive le Québec libre! ("Long live free Quebec!"). The statement, interpreted as support for Quebec independence, delighted many Quebecers but angered the Canadian government and many English Canadians.
1969 - Apollo program: Apollo 11 splashes down safely in the Pacific Ocean.
1974 - Watergate scandal: the United States Supreme Court unanimously ruled that President Richard Nixon did not have the authority to withhold subpoenaed White House tapes and they order him to surrender the tapes to the Watergate special prosecutor.
1977 - End of a four day long Libyan–Egyptian War.
1983 - The Black July anti-Tamil riots begin in Sri Lanka, killing between 400 and 3,000. Black July is generally regarded as the beginning of the Sri Lankan Civil War.
1983 - George Brett batting for the Kansas City Royals against the New York Yankees, has a game-winning home run nullified in the "Pine Tar Incident".
1990 - Iraqi forces start massing on the Kuwait-Iraq border.
2001 - Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the last Tsar of Bulgaria when he was a child, is sworn in as Prime Minister of Bulgaria, becoming the first monarch in history to regain political power through democratic election to a different office.
2009 - The MV Arctic Sea, reportedly carrying a cargo of timber, is allegedly hijacked in the North Sea by pirates, but much speculation remains as to the actual cargo and events.
Famous Birthdays
923 - Emperor Suzaku of Japan
1561 - Princess Maria of the Palatinate-Simmern
1860 - Princess Charlotte of Prussia
1915 - Dick Sprang, illustrator
1933 - John Aniston, actor
1942 - Chris Sarandon, actor
1947 - Robert Hays, actor
1965 - Kadeem Hardison, actor
1972 - Jen Miller, actress and author
1979 - Rose Byrne, actress
1982 - Trevor Matthews, actor and producer
1987 - Filipe Francisco dos Santos, footballer
1990 - Jay McGuiness, singer
1991 - Manuel Fischnaller, footballer
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