1223 - Louis VIII becomes King of France upon the death of his father, Philip II of France.
1789 - French Revolution: citizens of Paris storm the Bastille.
1790 - French Revolution: citizens of Paris celebrate the constitutional monarchy and national reconciliation in the Fête de la Fédération.
1791 - The Priestley Riots drive Joseph Priestley, a supporter of the French Revolution, out of Birmingham, England.
1798 - The Sedition Act becomes law in the United States making it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the United States government.
1881 - Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner.
1933 - Gleichschaltung: in Germany, all political parties are outlawed except the Nazi Party.
1933 - The Nazi eugenics begins with the proclamation of the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring that calls for the compulsory sterilization of any citizen who suffers from alleged genetic disorders.
1950 - Korean War: North Korean troops initiate the Battle of Taejon.
1957 - Rawya Ateya takes her seat in the National Assembly of Egypt, thereby becoming the first female parliamentarian in the Arab world.
1958 - Iraqi Revolution: in Iraq the monarchy is overthrown by popular forces led by Abdul Karim Kassem, who becomes the nation's new leader.
1960 - Jane Goodall arrives at the Gombe Stream Reserve in present-day Tanzania to begin her famous study of chimpanzees in the wild.
1969 - The United States $500, $1,000, $5,000 and $10,000 bills are officially withdrawn from circulation.
2002 - French President Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt unscathed during Bastille Day celebrations.
Famous Birthdays
1610 - Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
1859 - Willy Hess, violinist
1901 - George Tobias, actor
1913 - Gerald Ford, 38th President of the United States
1933 - HRH Franz, Duke of Bavaria
1941 - Maulana Karenga, writer and activist, creator of Kwanzaa
1948 - His Majesty Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu, King of the Zulu
1966 - Juliet Cesario, actress
1970 - Nina Siemaszko, actress
1974 - David Mitchell, comedian and actor
1975 - Taboo, rapper and actor
1977 - HRH Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden
1984 - Nilmar, footballer
1987 - Sara Canning, actress
1989 - Sean Flynn, actor and singer
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