Thursday, January 31, 2013
January 31st in History
314 - Silvester I begins his reign as Pope of the Catholic Church, succeeding Pope Miltiades.
1504 - France cedes Naples to Aragon.
1606 - Gunpowder Plot: Guy Fawkes is executed for his plotting against Parliament and James I of England.
1814 - Gervasio Antonio de Posadas becomes Supreme Director of Argentina.
1862 - Alvan Graham Clark discovers the white dwarf star Sirius B, a companion of Sirius, through an 18.5-inch (47 cm) telescope now located at Northwestern University.
1865 - American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, abolishing slavery, submitting it to the states for ratification.
1891 - The first attempt at a Portuguese republican revolution breaks out in the northern city of Porto.
1917 - World War I: Germany announces that its U-boats will resume unrestricted submarine warfare after a two-year hiatus.
1944 - World War II: American forces land on Kwajalein Atoll and other islands in the Japanese-held Marshall Islands.
1946 - Yugoslavia's new constitution, modeling the Soviet Union, establishes six constituent republics (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia).
1950 - President Harry S. Truman announces a program to develop the Hydrogen bomb.
1958 - Explorer program: Explorer 1 – The first successful launch of an American satellite into orbit.
1961 - Project Mercury: Mercury-Redstone 2 – Ham the Chimp travels into outer space.
1968 - Viet Cong attack the United States embassy in Saigon, and other attacks, in the early morning hours, later grouped together as the Tet Offensive.
1968 - Nauru gains independence from Australia.
1990 - The first McDonald's in the Soviet Union opens in Moscow.
1995 - President Bill Clinton authorizes a $20 billion loan to Mexico to stabilize its economy.
2001 - In the Netherlands, a Scottish court convicts Libyan Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and acquits another Libyan citizen for their part in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988.
2010 - Avatar became the first film to gross over $2 billion worldwide.
Famous Birthdays
877 - Emperor Taejo of Goryeo of Korea
1512 - King Henry of Portugal
1550 - Henry I, Duke of Guise
1597 - St. John Francis Regis, saint
1835 - King William Charles Lunalilo of Hawaiʻi
1911 - Eddie Byrne, actor
1938 - Her Majesty Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands
1944 - Connie Booth, writer and actress
1959 - Kelly Lynch, actress
1967 - Chad Channing, musician
1970 - Minnie Driver, actress
1971 - Patrick Kielty, comedian
1979 - Emmett Scanlan, actor
1981 - Justin Timberlake, singer
1983 - Fabio Quagliarella, footballer
1986 - Pauline Parmentier, tennis player
1990 - Nicolò De Cesare, footballer
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