63 BC - Cicero gives the fourth and final of the Catiline Orations.
1484 - Pope Innocent VIII issues the Summis desiderantes, a papal bull that deputizes Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger as inquisitors to root out alleged witchcraft in Germany and leads to one of the most oppressive witch hunts in European history.
1492 - Christopher Columbus becomes the first European to set foot on the island of Hispaniola (now Haiti and the Dominican Republic).
1496 - King Manuel I of Portugal issues a decree of expulsion of "heretics" from the country.
1865 - Chincha Islands War: Peru allies with Chile against Spain.
1932 - German-born Swiss physicist Albert Einstein is granted an American visa.
1933 - Prohibition in the United States ends: Utah becomes the 36th U.S. state to ratify the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution, thus establishing the required 75% of states needed to enact the amendment (this overturned the 18th Amendment which had made the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcohol illegal in the United States).
1941 - World War II: Great Britain declares war on Finland, Hungary and Romania.
1945 - Flight 19 is lost in the Bermuda Triangle.
1955 - E.D. Nixon and Rosa Parks lead the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
2004 - The Civil Partnership Act comes into effect in the United Kingdom, and the first civil partnership is registered there.
Famous Birthdays:
1377 - Emperor Jianwen of China
1443 - Pope Julius II
1666 - Francesco Scarlatti, composer
1782 - Martin Van Buren, 8th President of the United States
1829 - Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière, 4th Premier of Quebec
1863 - Paul Painlevé, mathematician and Prime Minister of France
1901 - Walt Disney, animator, director, screenwriter, and producer, co-founded The Walt Disney Company
1907 - Lin Biao, military officer and Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China
1927 - His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand, Rama IX
1940 - Peter Pohl, author, screenwriter, and director
1962 - Fred Rutten, footballer and manager
1967 - HRH Konstantin-Assen, Prince of Vidin
1975 - Ronnie O'Sullivan, snooker player
1985 - Frankie Muniz, actor and race car driver
1989 - Gregory Tyree Boyce, actor
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