70 - Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. The Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometres.
1252 - Ferdinand III of Castile dies
1431 - Hundred Years' War: in Rouen, France, the 19-year-old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake by an English-dominated tribunal. Because of this the Catholic Church remember this day as the celebration of St. Joan of Arc.
1536 - King Henry VIII of England marries Jane Seymour, a lady-in-waiting to his first two wives.
1574 - Henry III becomes King of France.
1588 - The last ship of the Spanish Armada sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.
1631 - Publication of La Gazette, the first French newspaper.
1635 - Thirty Years' War: the Peace of Prague (1635) is signed.
1642 - From this date all honours granted by Charles I are retrospectively annulled by Parliament.
1814 - Napoleonic Wars: War of the Sixth Coalition – the Treaty of Paris (1814) is signed returning French borders to their 1792 extent. Napoleon Bonaparte is exiled to Elba.
1842 - John Francis attempts to murder Queen Victoria as she drives down Constitution Hill in London with Prince Albert.
1876 - Ottoman sultan Abd-ul-Aziz is deposed and succeeded by his nephew Murat V.
1913 - First Balkan War: the Treaty of London, 1913, is signed ending the war. Albania becomes an independent nation.
1917 - Alexander I becomes king of Greece.
1922 - In Washington, D.C., the Lincoln Memorial is dedicated.
1942 - World War II: 1000 British bombers launch a 90-minute attack on Cologne, Germany.
1963 - A protest against pro-Catholic discrimination during the Buddhist crisis is held outside South Vietnam's National Assembly, the first open demonstration during the eight-year rule of Ngo Dinh Diem.
1989 - Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: the 33-foot high "Goddess of Democracy" statue is unveiled in Tiananmen Square by student demonstrators.
2012 - The former Liberian president, Charles Taylor, is sentenced to 50 years in prison for his role in atrocities committed during the Sierra Leone Civil War.
Famous Birthdays
1010 - Emperor Renzong of Song
1220 - St. Alexander Nevsky
1653 - ArchduchessClaudia Felicitas of Austria, Empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire, Queen consort of Bohemia and Hungary
1713 - Princess Caroline of Great Britain
1820 - Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, 1st Premier of Quebec
1845 - Amadeo I of Spain
1908 - Mel Blanc, voice actor
1919 - René Barrientos, 55th President of Bolivia
1936 - Ruta Lee, actress
1943 - James Chaney, civil rights activist
1952 - Scott Holmes, actor
1962 - Tonya Pinkins, actress
1974 - Cee Lo Green, singer-songwriter, pianist, producer, and actor
1976 - Magnus Norman, tennis player
1981 - Blake Bashoff, actor
1989 - Kevin Covais, singer and actor
1996 - Beatriz Haddad Maia, tennis player
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