1176 - Richard de Clare (Strongbow), 2nd Earl of Pembroke dies
1453 - The last naval battle in Byzantine history occurs, as three Genoese galleys escorting a Byzantine transport fight their way through the huge Ottoman blockade fleet and into the Golden Horn.
1534 - Jacques Cartier begins the voyage during which he discovers Canada and Labrador.
1653 - Oliver Cromwell dissolves the Rump Parliament.
1657 - Freedom of religion is granted to the Jews of New Amsterdam (later New York City).
1689 - The former King James II of England, now deposed, lays siege to Derry.
1752 - Start of Konbaung-Hanthawaddy War, a new phase in Burmese Civil War (1740–1757)
1775 - American Revolutionary War: the Siege of Boston begins, following the battles at Lexington and Concord.
1792 - France declares war against the "King of Hungary and Bohemia", the beginning of French Revolutionary Wars.
1862 - Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard complete the first pasteurization tests.
1871 - The Civil Rights Act of 1871 becomes law in the United States.
1902 - Pierre and Marie Curie refine radium chloride.
1939 - Adolf Hitler's 50th birthday is celebrated as a national holiday in Nazi Germany.
1945 - World War II: Fuehrerbunker: Adolf Hitler makes his last trip to the surface to award Iron Crosses to boy soldiers of the Hitler Youth.
1946 - The League of Nations officially dissolves, giving most of its power to the United Nations.
1951- Dan Gavriliu performs the first surgical replacement of a human organ.
1961 - Failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion of US-backed Cuban exiles against Cuba.
1998 - German terrorist group the Red Army Faction announces their dissolution after 28 years.
Famous Birthdays
1586 - St. Rose of Lima T.O.S.D.
1633 - Emperor Go-Komyo of Japan
1808 - Napoleon III of France
1884 - Princess Beatrice of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1889 - Adolf Hitler, Führer of Nazi Germany
1924 - Nina Foch, actress
1939 - Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway
1945 - Thein Sein, President of Burma
1949 - Massimo D'Alema, 76th Prime Minister of Italy
1953 - Robert Crais, author
1966 - David Filo, businessman and the co-founder of Yahoo!
1972 - Carmen Electra, actress
1980 - Jasmin Wagner, singer, actress, and model
1983 - Fabio Staibano, rugby player
1989 - Alex Black, actor
1991 - Allie Will, tennis player
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