1610 - French King Louis XIII is crowned in Rheims.
1660 - Nine regicides, the men who signed the death warrant of King Charles I of England, are hanged, drawn and quartered.
1662 - King Charles II of England sells Dunkirk to France for 40,000 pounds.
1905 - The October Manifesto is issued by Tsar Nicholas II of Russia
1912 - Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia declare war on the Ottoman Empire, joining Montenegro in the First Balkan War.
1917 - First British bombing of Germany in World War I.
1931 - Al Capone is convicted of income tax evasion.
1933 - Albert Einstein flees Nazi Germany and moves to the United States.
1941 - For the first time in World War II, a German submarine attacks an American ship.
1943 - The Holocaust: Sobibor extermination camp is closed.
1961 - Scores of Algerian protesters (some claim up to 400) are massacred by the Paris police at the instigation of former Nazi collaborator Maurice Papon, then chief of the Prefecture of Police.
1979 - Mother Teresa of Calcutta is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.
1980 - As part of the Holy See – United Kingdom relations a British monarch makes the first state visit to the Vatican
Famous Birthdays:
1253 - St Ivo of Kermartin
1853 - Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia, daughter of Emperor Alexander II of Russia and Empress Maria Alexandrovna. Maria became the wife of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, the second son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
1900 - Jean Arthur, actress
1912 - Pope John Paul I
1921 - George Mackay Brown, poet
1950 - Philippe Barbarin, cardinal
1965 - Aravinda de Silva, cricketer
1984 - Chris Lowell, actor
1990 - Bianca Bree, actress
1996 - HSH Marie Caroline Princess of Liechtenstein, daughter of HSH Alois, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein and HSH Sophie, Hereditary Princess of Liechtenstein
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