1080 - King of Denmark Harald III dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized.
1492 - Spain and Christopher Columbus sign the Capitulations of Santa Fe for his voyage to Asia to acquire spices.
1521 - Trial of Martin Luther over his teachings begins during the assembly of the Diet of Worms. Initially intimidated, he asks for time to reflect before answering and is given a stay of one day.
1797 - Citizens of Verona, Italy, begin an eight-day rebellion against the French occupying forces, which will end unsuccessfully.
1864 - American Civil War: The Battle of Plymouth begins – Confederate forces attack Plymouth, North Carolina.
1895 - The Treaty of Shimonoseki between China and Japan is signed. This marks the end of the First Sino-Japanese War, and the defeated Qing Empire is forced to renounce its claims on Korea and to concede the southern portion of the Fengtien province, Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands to Japan.
1907 - The Ellis Island immigration centre processes 11,747 people, more than on any other day.
1941 - World War II: The Kingdom of Yugoslavia surrenders to Germany.
1946 - Syria obtains its Independence from the French occupation.
1949 - At midnight 26 Irish counties officially leave the British Commonwealth. A 21-gun salute on O'Connell Bridge, Dublin, ushers in the Republic of Ireland.
1961 - Bay of Pigs Invasion: A group of CIA financed and trained Cuban exiles lands at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba with the aim of ousting Fidel Castro.
1969 - Sirhan Sirhan is convicted of assassinating Robert F. Kennedy.
1970 - Apollo program: The ill-fated Apollo 13 spacecraft returns to Earth safely.
1971 - The People's Republic of Bangladesh forms, under Sheikh Mujibur Rahman at Mujibnagor.
1975 - The Cambodian Civil War ends. The Khmer Rouge captures the capital Phnom Penh and Cambodian government forces surrender.
1982 - Patriation of the Canadian constitution in Ottawa by Proclamation of Queen Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada.
1986 - The Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War between the Netherlands and the Isles of Scilly ends.
2012 - Ilias Ali, organizing secretary of Bangladesh Nationalist Party and a former MP, disappears from Dhaka along with his chauffeur, allegedly abducted by government forces.
2013 - The funeral of Baroness Margaret Thatcher (First/only female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom) takes place in St. Paul's Cathedral in London.
Famous Birthdays
1277 - Michael IX Palaeologus, co-ruling Eastern Roman Emperor
1573 - Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria
1766 - Collin McKinney, surveyor, merchant, politician, and preacher, helped draft the Texas Declaration of Independence
1820 - Alexander Cartwright, inventor of Baseball
1905 - Arthur Lake, actor
1918 - William Holden, actor
1947 - Linda Martin, singer-songwriter
1955 - Pete Shelley, musician
1967 - Kimberly Elise, actress
1968 - HH Prince Maurits of Orange-Nassau, van Vollenhoven
1972 - Jennifer Garner, actress
1974 - Victoria Beckham, singer and fashion designer
1983 - Andrea Marcato, rugby player
1985 - Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, tennis player
1990 - Gia Mantegna, actress
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