1071 - Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscard.
1450 - Battle of Formigny: Toward the end of the Hundred Years' War, the French attack and nearly annihilate English forces, ending English domination in Northern France.
1632 - Battle of Rain: Swedes under Gustavus Adolphus defeat the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War.
1642 - Irish Confederate Wars: A Confederate Irish militia is routed in the Battle of Kilrush when it attempts to halt the progress of the British Army.
1755 - Samuel Johnson's A Dictionary of the English Language is published in London.
1802 - William Wordsworth and his sister, Dorothy see a "long belt" of daffodils, inspiring the former to pen I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.
1861 - President Abraham Lincoln calls for 75,000 Volunteers to quell the insurrection that soon became the American Civil War
1865 - Abraham Lincoln dies after being shot the previous evening by actor John Wilkes Booth.
1900 - Philippine–American War: Filipino guerrillas launch a surprise attack on U.S. infantry and begin a four-day siege of Catubig, Philippines.
1912 - The passenger liner RMS Titanic sinks in the North Atlantic at 2:20 a.m., two hours and forty minutes after hitting an iceberg. Only 710 of 2,227 passengers and crew on board survived.
1921 - Black Friday: mine owners announce more wage and price cuts, leading to the threat of a strike all across England.
1924 - Rand McNally publishes its first road atlas.
1927 - The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, the most destructive river flood in US history, begins.
1936 - First day of the Arab revolt in Palestine.
1936 - Aer Lingus is founded by the Irish government as the national airline of the Republic of Ireland.
1945 - The Bergen-Belsen concentration camp is liberated.
1955 - McDonald's restaurant dates its founding to the opening of a franchised restaurant by Ray Kroc, in Des Plaines, Illinois
1970 - During the Cambodian Civil War, massacres of the Vietnamese minority results in 800 bodies flowing down the Mekong River into South Vietnam.
1989 - Upon Hu Yaobang's death, the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 begin in the People's Republic of China.
1989 - Hillsborough disaster: A human crush occurs at Hillsborough Stadium, home of Sheffield Wednesday, in the FA Cup Semi Final, resulting in the deaths of 96 Liverpool fans.
1992 - The National Assembly of Vietnam adopts the 1992 Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
1994 - Representatives of 124 countries and the European Communities sign the Marrakesh Agreements revising the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and initiating the World Trade Organization
Famous Birthdays
1452 - Leonardo da Vinci, Renaissance polymath
1469 - Guru Nanak Dev, religious leader, founder of the religion of Sikhism and the first of the ten Sikh Gurus
1642 - Suleiman II, Ottoman sultan
1646 - Christian V of Denmark
1684 - Catherine I, Empress and Autocrat of All the Russias
1721 - Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, military leader
1883 - Stanley Bruce, 8th Prime Minister of Australia
1894 - Nikita Khrushchev, Premier of the Soviet Union
1912 - Kim Il-sung, Eternal President of North Korea
1930 - Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland
1944 - Dzhokhar Dudaev, 1st President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
1955 - Dodi Al-Fayed, film producer
1960 - HRH Prince Philippe, Duke of Brabant, heir apparent to the Belgian throne
1968 - Ed O'Brien, musician and songwriter
1980 - Willie Mason, rugby player
1983 - Alice Braga, actress
1989 - Andre Kinney, actor
1990 - Emma Watson, actress
1992 - John Guidetti, footballer
1993 - Madeleine Martin, actress
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