1540 - Thomas Cromwell is executed at the order of Henry VIII of England on charges of treason. Henry marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day.
1794 - Maximilien Robespierre and Louis Antoine de Saint-Just are executed by guillotine in Paris, France during the French Revolution.
1821 - José de San Martín declares the independence of Peru from Spain.
1868 - The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution is certified, establishing African American citizenship and guaranteeing due process of law.
1914 - World War I: Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia after Serbia rejects the conditions of an ultimatum sent by Austria on July 23 following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
1993 - Andorra joins the United Nations.
2005 - The Provisional Irish Republican Army calls an end to its thirty year long armed campaign in Northern Ireland.
2008 - The historic Grand Pier in Weston-super-Mare burns down for the second time in 80 years.
Famous Birthdays:
1347 - Queen Margaret of Durazzo
1860 - Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia
1901 - Freddie Fitzsimmons, baseball player
1936 - Garfield Sobers, cricketer
1946 - Fahmida Riaz, writer and feminist
1958 - Michael Hitchcock, actor
1970 - Isabelle Brasseur, figure skater
1988 - Ayla Brown, singer
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