1469 - Wars of the Roses: the Battle of Edgecote Moor pitting the forces of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick against those of Edward IV of England takes place.
1533 - Atahualpa, the 13th and last emperor of the Incas, dies by strangulation at the hands of Francisco Pizarro's Spanish conquistadors. His death marks the end of 300 years of Inca civilization.
1758 - French and Indian War: the Siege of Louisbourg ends with British forces defeating the French and taking control of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.
1788 - New York ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 11th state of the United States.
1847 - Liberia declares independence.
1897 - Anglo-Afghan War: The Pashtun fakir Saidullah leads an army of more than 10,000 to begin a siege of the British garrison in the Malakand Agency of the North West Frontier Province of India.
1936 - King Edward VIII, in one of his few official duties before he abdicates the throne, officially unveils the Canadian National Vimy Memorial.
1944 - The first German V-2 rocket hits the United Kingdom.
1945 - The Labour Party wins the United Kingdom general election of July 5 by a landslide, removing Winston Churchill from pow
1953 - Fidel Castro leads an unsuccessful attack on the Moncada Barracks, thus beginning the Cuban Revolution. The movement took the name of the date: 26th of July Movement
1965 - Full independence is granted to the Maldives.
Famous Birthdays:
1678 - Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor
1782 - John Field, composer
1856 - George Bernard Shaw, writer, Nobel laureate
1875 - Antonio Machado, poet
1914 - Ellis Kinder, baseball player
1936 - Mary Millar, actress
1945 - Helen Mirren, actress
1961 - Dimitris Saravakos, footballer
1980 - Dave Baksh, guitarist
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