Monday, November 18, 2013

November 18th in History


326 - The old St. Peter's Basilica is consecrated.

1180 - Phillip II becomes King of France.

1210 - Pope Innocent III excommunicates Holy Roman Emperor Otto IV

1494 - King Charles VIII of France occupies Florence, Italy.

1626 - St. Peter's Basilica is consecrated.

1730 - Frederick II (known as Frederick the Great), King of Prussia, is granted a royal pardon and released from confinement.

1803 - The Battle of Vertières, the last major battle of the Haitian Revolution, is fought, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Haiti, the first black republic in the Western Hemisphere.

1863 - King Christian IX of Denmark decides to sign the November constitution that declares Schleswig to be part of Denmark. This is seen by the German Confederation as a violation of the London Protocol and leads to the German–Danish war of 1864.

1905 - Prince Carl of Denmark becomes King Haakon VII of Norway.

1916 - World War I: First Battle of the Somme – in France, British Expeditionary Force commander Douglas Haig calls off the battle which started on July 1, 1916.

1918 - Latvia declares its independence from Russia.

1940 - World War II: Adolf Hitler and Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano meet to discuss Benito Mussolini's disastrous invasion of Greece.

1987 - Iran-Contra Affair: the U.S. Congress issues its final report on the Iran-Contra Affair.

1988 - War on Drugs: US President Ronald Reagan signs a bill into law allowing the death penalty for drug traffickers.

2003 - In the United Kingdom, the Local Government Act 2003, repealing controversial anti-gay amendment Section 28, becomes effective.

Famous Birthdays:

1630 - Empress Eleanor Gonzaga of the Holy Roman Empire, the consort of Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor.

1772 - Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia

1774 - Wilhelmine of Prussia, Queen of the Netherlands

1856 - Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia

1860 - Ignacy Jan Paderewski, 2nd Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland

1919 - Jocelyn Brando, actress

1920 - Mustafa Khalil, 77th Prime Minister of Egypt

1922 - Luis Somoza Debayle, 70th President of Nicaragua

1940 - Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman

1944 - Wolfgang Joop, fashion designer, founded JOOP!

1957 - Seán MacFalls, poet

1975 - Anthony McPartlin, television presenter

1976 - Mona Zaki, actress

1981 - Christina Vidal, actress

1992 - Nathan Kress, actor

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