1238 - James I of Aragon conquers Valencia and founds the Kingdom of Valencia.
1514 - Marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor (sister of Henry VIII of England).
1708 - Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
1760 - Seven Years' War: Russian forces occupy Berlin.
1804 - Hobart, capital of Tasmania, is founded.
1806 - Prussia declares war on France.
1820 - Guayaquil declares independence from Spain. (Santiago de Guayaquil)
1824 - Slavery is abolished in Costa Rica.
1831 - Capo d'Istria, the first head of state of independent Greece is assassinated.
1834 - Opening of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway, the first public railway on the island of Ireland.
1888 - The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public.
1911 - An accidental bomb explosion in Hankou, Wuhan, China leads to the ultimate fall of the Qing Empire
1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain – During a night-time air raid by the German Luftwaffe, St. Paul's Cathedral in the City of London is hit by a bomb.
1942 - Statute of Westminster 1931 formalises Australian autonomy.
1962 - Uganda becomes an independent Commonwealth realm.
1970 - The Khmer Republic is proclaimed in Cambodia.
1980 - Pope John Paul II shakes hands with the Dalai Lama during a private audience in Vatican City.
1981 - Abolition of capital punishment in France.
2012 - Members of the Pakistani Taliban made a Failed attempt to assassinate Malala Yousafzai on her way home from school.
Famous Birthdays:
1261 - King Dinis of Portugal
1328 - King Peter I of Cyprus
1586 - Archduke Leopold V of Austria
1757 - King Charles X of France
1900 - Joseph Friedman, inventor, invented the bendy straw
1908 - Harry Hooton, poet
1935 - HRH Prince Edward, Duke of Kent - 1st cousin of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom.
1938 - Heinz Fischer, 11th President of Austria
1940 - John Lennon, musician and songwriter - Member of The Beatles
1946 - Tansu Çiller, 22nd Prime Minister of Turkey
1952 - Sharon Osbourne, music manager and wife of Ozzy Osbourne, tv talent show judge
1966 - David Cameron, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1978 - Nicky Byrne, musician
1979 - Chris O'Dowd, actor
1983 - Spencer Grammer, actress
1993 - Lauren Davis, tennis player
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