250 - Emperor Decius begins a widespread persecution of Christians in Rome. Pope Fabian is martyred.
1265 - In Westminster, the first English parliament conducts its first meeting held by Simon de Montfort in the Palace of Westminster, now also known colloquially as the "Houses of Parliament".
1356 - Edward Balliol abdicates as King of Scotland.
1523 - Christian II is forced to abdicate as King of Denmark and Norway.
1649 - Charles I of England goes on trial for treason and other "high crimes".
1783 - The Kingdom of Great Britain signs a peace treaty with France and Spain, officially ending hostilities in the American Revolutionary War
1839 - In the Battle of Yungay, Chile defeats an alliance between Peru and Bolivia.
1887 - The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Harbor as a naval base.
1936 - Edward VIII becomes King of the United Kingdom upon the death of his father George V.
1945 - World War II: Hungary agrees to an armistice with the Allies.
1986 - Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is celebrated as a federal holiday for the first time.
1991 - Sudan's government imposes Islamic law nationwide, worsening the civil war between the country's Muslim north and Christian south.
2009 - Barack Obama is inaugurated as the first African American President of the United States.
2013 - Barack Obama is inaugurated for a second term as President of the United States.
Famous Birthdays
225 - Gordian III, Roman Emperor
1554 - King Sebastian of Portugal
1716 - King Charles III of Spain
1798 - Anson Jones, 5th and last President of Texas
1915 - Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan
1933 - Ron Townson, singer
1945 - Robert Olen Butler, writer
1952 - Paul Stanley, musician
1965 - HRH Sophie, Countess of Wessex, the wife of HRH Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex
1971 - Gary Barlow, singer
1973 - HRH Princess Mathilde of Belgium , Duchess of Brabant
1979 - Will Young, singer
1984 - Victoria Asher, keytarist
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