69 - The Roman Senate declares Vespasian as Roman Emperor, the last in the Year of the Four Emperors.
72 - St Thomas the Apostle dies.
1598 - Battle of Curalaba: The revolting Mapuche, led by cacique Pelentaru, inflict a major defeat on Spanish troops in southern Chile.
1620 - Plymouth Colony: William Bradford and the Mayflower Pilgrims land on what is now known as Plymouth Rock in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1832 - Egyptian–Ottoman War: Egyptian forces decisively defeat Ottoman troops at the Battle of Konya.
1907 - The Chilean Army commits a massacre of at least 2,000 striking saltpeter miners in Iquique, Chile.
1937 - Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, the world's first full-length animated feature, premiers at the Carthay Circle Theater.
1941 - World War II: A formal treaty of alliance between Thailand and Japan is signed in the presence of the Emerald Buddha in Wat Phra Kaew, Thailand.
1951 - Libya became an independent country.
1967 - Louis Washkansky, the first man to undergo a heart transplant, dies in Cape Town, South Africa, after living for 18 days after the transplant.
1968 - Apollo program: Apollo 8 launched from the Kennedy Space Center, placing its crew on a lunar trajectory for the first visit to another celestial body by humans.
1988 - A bomb explodes on board Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, UK killing 270.
1995 - The city of Bethlehem passes from Israeli to Palestinian control.
2004 - Iraq War: A suicide bomber killed 22 at the forward operating base next to the main US military airfield at Mosul, Iraq, the single deadliest suicide attack on American soldiers.
Famous Birthdays:
1118 - St. Thomas Becket, Lord Chancellor of England and Archbishop of Canterbury, saint
1804 - Benjamin Disraeli, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1818 - Amalia of Oldenburg, Queen of Greece
1850 - William Wallace Lincoln, son of Abraham Lincoln
1866 - Maud Gonne, activist
1918 - Kurt Waldheim, 9th President of Austria
1937 - Jane Fonda, actress
1942 - Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, President of the People's Republic of China
1948 - Samuel L. Jackson, actor and producer
1953 - Betty Wright, singer
1957 - Ray Romano, comedian and actor
1966 - Kiefer Sutherland, actor
1978 - Mike Vitar, actor
1980 - Michele Di Piedi, footballer
1982 - Tom Payne, actor
1987 - Brad Howard, footballer
1989 - Mark Ingram, Jr, football player
1994 - Eva Paalma, tennis player
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