558 - King Chlothar I reunites the Frankish Kingdom after his brother Childebert I has died. He becomes sole ruler of the Franks.
1294 - St Celestine V resigns the papacy after only five months; Celestine hoped to return to his previous life as an ascetic hermit.
1545 - Council of Trent begins.
1577 - Sir Francis Drake sets out from Plymouth, England, on his round-the-world voyage.
1643 - English Civil War: The Battle of Alton takes place in Hampshire.
1937 - Second Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Nanking – Nanjing, defended by the National Revolutionary Army under the command of General Tang Shengzhi, falls to the Japanese.
1938 - The Holocaust: The Neuengamme concentration camp opens in the Bergedorf district of Hamburg, Germany.
1949 - The Knesset votes to move the capital of Israel to Jerusalem.
1959 - Archbishop Makarios III becomes the first President of Cyprus.
1972 - Apollo program: Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt begin the third and final Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) or "Moonwalk" of Apollo 17. To date they are the last humans to set foot on the Moon.
1974 - Malta becomes a republic within the Commonwealth of Nations
2002 - Enlargement of the European Union: The European Union announces that Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia will become members from May 1, 2004.
2003 - Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein is captured near his home town of Tikrit
Famous Birthdays:
1521 - Pope Sixtus V
1533 - King Eric XIV of Sweden
1553 - King Henry IV of France
1678 - Yongzheng Emperor of China
1784 - Archduke Louis of Austria
1818 - Mary Todd Lincoln, First Lady of the United States
1906 - Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent
1913 - Arnold Brown, the 11th General of The Salvation Army
1936 - His Highness Prince Shah Karim al-Husseini Aga Khan IV, Present Imam (leader) of the Shia Imami Ismaili Muslims
1973 - Christie Clark, actress
1989 - Taylor Swift, singer
2005 - HRH Prince Nicolas of Belgium, 14th in the line to the Belgian throne.
2005 - HRH Prince Aymeric of Belgium, 15th in the line to the Belgian throne.
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