1282 - Pope Martin IV excommunicates King Peter III of Aragon.
1492 - Peace of Etaples between Henry VII of England and Charles VIII of France.
1494 - The de' Medici family are expelled from Florence.
1620 - Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower sight land at Cape Cod, Massachusetts.
1688 - The Glorious Revolution: William of Orange captures Exeter.
1729 - Spain, France and Great Britain sign the Treaty of Seville.
1791 - Foundation of the Dublin Society of United Irishmen.
1799 - Napoleon Bonaparte leads the Coup d'état of 18 Brumaire ending the Directory government, and becoming one of its three Consuls
1862 - American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George B. McClellan is removed.
1872 - The Great Boston Fire of 1872.
1887 - The United States receives rights to Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
1888 - Jack the Ripper kills Mary Jane Kelly, his last known victim.
1906 - Theodore Roosevelt is the first sitting President of the United States to make an official trip outside the country. He did so to inspect progress on the Panama Canal.
1917 - Joseph Stalin enters the provisional government of Bolshevik Russia.
1918 - Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicates after the German Revolution, and Germany is proclaimed a Republic.
1923 - In Munich, Germany, police and government troops crush the Beer Hall Putsch in Bavaria. The failed coup is the work of the Nazis.
1937 - Japanese troops take control of Shanghai, China.
1953 - Cambodia becomes independent from France.
1963 - At Miike coal mine, Miike, Japan, an explosion kills 458, and hospitalises 839 with carbon monoxide poisoning.
1989 - Cold War: Fall of the Berlin Wall. Communist-controlled East Germany opens checkpoints in the Berlin Wall allowing its citizens to travel to West Germany. This key event led to the eventual reunification of East and West Germany, and fall of communism in eastern Europe including Russia.
Famous Birthdays:
1389 - Isabella of Valois, Queen consort of King Richard II of England
1664 - Johann Speth, organist and composer
1799 - Gustavus, Crown Prince of Sweden
1841 - King Edward VII of the United Kingdom
1877 - Enrico De Nicola, 1st President of the Italian Republic
1944 - Phil May, singer
1955 - Thomas F. Duffy, actor
1972 - Eric Dane, actor
1984 - Delta Goodrem, singer
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