1579 - Sir Francis Drake claims a land he calls Nova Albion (modern California) for England.
1631 - Mumtaz Mahal dies during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan I, will spend the next 17 years building her mausoleum, the Taj Mahal.
1839 - In the Kingdom of Hawaii, Kamehameha III issues the edict of toleration which gives Roman Catholics the freedom to worship in the Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaii Catholic Church and the Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace are established as a result.
1861 - Battle of Vienna, Virginia in the American Civil War.
1885 - The Statue of Liberty arrives in New York Harbor.
1940 - World War II: the British Army's 11th Hussars assault and take Fort Capuzzo in Libya, Africa from Italian forces.
1940 - The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania fall under the occupation of the Soviet Union.
1944 - Iceland declares independence from Denmark and becomes a republic.
1963 - A day after South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem announced the Joint Communique to end the Buddhist crisis, a riot involving around 2,000 people breaks out. One person is killed.
1971 - President Richard Nixon declares the US War on Drugs.
1972 - Watergate scandal: five White House operatives are arrested for burgling the offices of the Democratic National Committee, in an attempt by some members of the Republican party to illegally wire-tap the opposition.
1991 - Apartheid: the South African Parliament repeals the Population Registration Act which required racial classification of all South Africans at birth.
1994 - Following a televised low-speed highway chase, O.J. Simpson is arrested for the murders of his wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and her friend Ronald Goldman.
Famous Birthdays
1239 - Edward I of England
1603 - St. Joseph of Cupertino O.F.M. Conv., mystic and saint.
1682 - Charles XII of Sweden
1742 - William Hooper, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence
1882 - Adolphus Frederick VI, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
1903 - Ruth Graves Wakefield, cook and businesswoman, invented the Chocolate chip cookie
1932 - Peter Lupus, actor
1945 - Ken Livingstone, 1st Mayor of London
1949 - Snakefinger, singer-songwriter and musician
1957 - Phil Chevron, singer-songwriter, guitarist, and composer
1966 - Jason Patric, actor
1980 - Venus Williams, tennis player
1983 - Lee Ryan, singer-songwriter and actor
1988 - Drew Ryan Scott, singer-songwriter and producer
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