323 BC - Alexander the Great dies
1329 - The Battle of Pelekanon results in a Byzantine defeat by the Ottoman Empire.
1539 - Council of Trent: Paul III sends out letters to his bishops, delaying the Council due to war and the difficulty bishops had traveling to Venice.
1619 - Thirty Years' War: Battle of Záblatí, a turning point in the Bohemian Revolt.
1624 - Signing of the Treaty of Compiègne between France and the Netherlands.
1692 - Salem witch trials: Bridget Bishop is hanged at Gallows Hill near Salem, Massachusetts, for "certaine Detestable Arts called Witchcraft & Sorceries". She is first person to be executed during the Salem witch trials
1793 - French Revolution: Following the arrests of Girondin leaders, the Jacobins gain control of the Committee of Public Safety installing the revolutionary dictatorship.
1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Brice's Crossroads. Confederate troops under Nathan Bedford Forrest defeat a much larger Union force led by General Samuel D. Sturgis in Mississippi.
1916 - The Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire.
1924 - Fascists kidnap and kill Italian Socialist leader Giacomo Matteotti in Rome.
1935 - Chaco War ends: a truce is called between Bolivia and Paraguay who had been fighting since 1932.
1940 - World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt denounces Italy's actions with his "Stab in the Back" speech at the graduation ceremonies of the University of Virginia.
1940 - World War II: Norway surrenders to German forces.
1940 - World War II: Italy declares war on France and the United Kingdom.
1945 - Australian Imperial Forces land in Brunei Bay to liberate Brunei.
1967 - The Six-Day War ends: Israel and Syria agree to a cease-fire.
1980 - The African National Congress in South Africa publishes a call to fight from their imprisoned leader Nelson Mandela.
1996 - Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without the participation of Sinn Féin.
1999 - Kosovo War: NATO suspends its air strikes after Slobodan Milošević agrees to withdraw Serbian forces from Kosovo.
2001 - Pope John Paul II canonizes Lebanon's first female saint, Saint Rafqa.
Famous Birthdays
1688 - James Francis Edward Stuart, Prince of Wales, Jacobite pretender, son of the deposed James II of England
1713 - Princess Caroline of Great Britain
1825 - Princess Hildegard of Bavaria
1832 - Nikolaus Otto, inventor and engineer, invented the Internal combustion engine
1897 - Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia, 2nd Daughter of Tsar Nicholas II
1921 - HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, consort of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
1922 - Judy Garland, actress and singer
1937 - Luciana Paluzzi, actress
1956 - HH Borwin, Duke of Mecklenburg, Head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
1965 - Elizabeth Hurley, model and actress
1980 - Jessica DiCicco, actress
1981 - HRH Prince Hashim bin Al Hussein of Jordan
1982 - HRH Princess Madeleine of Sweden, Duchess of Hälsingland and Gästrikland
1985 - Kaia Kanepi, tennis player
1988 - Becki Ronen, model
1992 - Kate Upton, model and actress
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