457 - Leo I becomes Emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
1301 - Edward of Caernarvon (later King Edward II of England) becomes the first English Prince of Wales.
1783 - American Revolutionary War: French and Spanish forces lift the Great Siege of Gibraltar.
1807 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Eylau – Napoléon's French Empire begins fighting against Russian and Prussian forces of the Fourth Coalition at Eylau, Poland.
1856 - The Kingdom of Awadh is annexed by the British East India Company and Wajid Ali Shah, the king of Awadh, is imprisoned and later exiled to Calcutta.
1897 - Greco-Turkish War: The first full-scale battle takes place when the Greek expeditionary force in Crete defeats a 4,000-strong Ottoman force at Livadeia.
1935 - The classic board game Monopoly is invented.
1940 - The second full length animated Walt Disney film, Pinocchio, premieres.
1944 - World War II: In Anzio, Italy, German forces launch a counteroffensive during the Allied Operation Shingle.
1951 - Korean War: Sancheong-Hamyang massacre
1974 - Grenada gains independence from the United Kingdom.
1986 - Twenty-eight years of one-family rule end in Haiti, when President Jean-Claude Duvalier flees the Caribbean nation.
1990 - Dissolution of the Soviet Union: The Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party agrees to give up its monopoly on power.
1991 - Haiti's first democratically-elected president, Jean-Bertrand Aristide, is sworn in.
1992 - The Maastricht Treaty is signed, leading to the creation of the European Union.
1999 - Crown Prince Abdullah becomes the King of Jordan on the death of his father, King Hussein.
2009 - Bushfires in Victoria left 173 dead in the worst natural disaster in Australia's history.
2012 - President Mohamed Nasheed of the Republic of Maldives resigns, after 23 days of anti-governmental protests calling for the release of Chief Judge unlawfully arrested by the military.
Famous Birthdays
572 - Prince Shōtoku of Japan
1102 - Empress Matilda, Princess of England and wife of Henry V of the Holy Roman Empire
1693 - Empress Anna of Russia
1873 - Thomas Andrews, shipbuilder of the RMS Titanic
1906 - Puyi, Emperor of China
1938 - S. Ramachandran Pillai, communist leader
1956 - Mark St. John, musician
1962 - David Bryan, musician
1972 - Robyn Lively, actress
1979 - Nicola Campedelli, footballer
1988 - Nikola Fraňková, tennis player
1993 - David Dorfman, actor
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