1187 - Saladin begins the Siege of Jerusalem.
1378 - Cardinal Robert of Geneva, called by some the Butcher of Cesena, is elected as Avignon Pope Clement VII, beginning the Papal schism.
1519 - Ferdinand Magellan sets sail from Sanlúcar de Barrameda with about 270 men on his expedition to circumnavigate the globe.
1854 - Battle of Alma: British and French troops defeat Russians in the Crimea.
1860 - The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII of the United Kingdom) visits the United States.
1881 - Chester A. Arthur is inaugurated as the 21st President of the United States following the assassination of James Garfield.
1942 - Holocaust in Letychiv, Ukraine. In the course of two days the German SS murders at least 3,000 Jews.
1977 - The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is admitted to the United Nations.
1979 - A coup d'état in the Central African Empire overthrows Emperor Bokasa I.
1982 - The National Football League players begin a 57-day strike.
1990 - South Ossetia declares its independence from Georgia.
2011 - The United States ends its "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy, allowing gay men and women to serve openly for the first time.
Famous Birthdays
1161 - Emperor Takakura of Japan
1486 - Prince Arthur Tudor, son of King Henry VII of England (Catherine of Aragon was married to Prince Arthur(until his death) before she married King Henry VIII)
1853 - Chulalongkorn, King of Siam, Rama V (Thailand)
1911 - Shriram Sharma Acharya, spiritual leader
1925 - Ananda Mahidol, King of Thailand, Rama VIII
1928 - Donald Hall, American poet
1935 - David Pegg, footballer
1940 - Taro Aso, Prime Minister of Japan
1956 - Debbi Morgan, actress
1980 - Vladimir Karpets, cyclist
1987 - Tito Tebaldi, Italian rugby player
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