1068 - Byzantine–Norman wars: Italo-Normans begin a nearly-three-year siege of Bari.
1100 - Henry I is crowned King of England in Westminster Abbey.
1305 - William Wallace, who led the Scottish resistance against England, is captured by the English near Glasgow and transported to London where he is put on trial and executed.
1583 - Sir Humphrey Gilbert establishes the first English colony in North America, at what is now St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador.
1620 - The Mayflower departs from Southampton, England on its first attempt to reach North America.
1772 - The First Partition of Poland begins.
1861 - The United States Army abolishes flogging.
1870 - Franco-Prussian War: the Battle of Spicheren is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
1926 - Harry Houdini performs his greatest feat, spending 91 minutes underwater in a sealed tank before escaping.
1940 - World War II: the Soviet Union formally annexes Latvia.
1960 - Burkina Faso, then known as Upper Volta, becomes independent from France.
1962 - Nelson Mandela is jailed. He would not be released until 1990.
1965 - The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 begins as Pakistani soldiers cross the Line of Control dressed as locals.
1981 - Ronald Reagan fires 11,359 striking air-traffic controllers who ignored his order for them to return to work.
2010 - 2010 Copiapó mining accident occurs, trapping 33 Chilean miners approximately 2,300 ft (700 m) below the ground.
Famous Birthdays
1623 - Antonio Cesti, composer
1749 - Thomas Lynch, Jr., signer of the United States Declaration of Independence
1827 - Deodoro da Fonseca, 1st President of Brazil
1828 - Louise of the Netherlands, Queen consort of Sweden and Norway
1906 - Joan Hickson, actress
1923 - Devan Nair, 3rd President of Singapore
1930 - Neil Armstrong, pilot, engineer, and astronaut, 1st man to walk on the moon
1937 - Brian G. Marsden, astronomer
1956 - Maureen McCormick, actress
1966 - Jonathan Silverman, actor
1975 - Ami Foster, actress
1982 - Michele Pazienza, footballer
1991 - Esteban Gutierrez, Formula 1 Racing Driver
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