364 - Emperor Jovian dies after a reign of eight months. He is found dead in his tent at Tyana (Asia Minor) en route back to Constantinople in suspicious circumstances.
1370 - Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau.
1500 - Duke Friedrich and Duke Johann attempt to subdue the peasantry of Dithmarschen, Denmark, in the Battle of Hemmingstedt.
1600 - The philosopher Giordano Bruno is burned alive, for heresy, at Campo de' Fiori in Rome.
1801 - An electoral tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr is resolved when Jefferson is elected President of the United States and Burr Vice President by the United States House of Representatives.
1814 - War of the Sixth Coalition: The Battle of Mormans.
1854 - The United Kingdom recognizes the independence of the Orange Free State.
1865 - American Civil War: Columbia, South Carolina, is burned as Confederate forces flee from advancing Union forces.
1871 - The victorious Prussian Army parades through Paris, France after the end of the Siege of Paris during the Franco-Prussian War.
1933 - The Blaine Act ends Prohibition in the United States.
1978 - The Troubles: The Provisional IRA detonates an incendiary bomb at the La Mon restaurant, near Belfast, killing 12 and seriously injuring 30.
1979 - The Sino-Vietnamese War begins.
2006 - A massive mudslide occurs in Southern Leyte, Philippines; the official death toll is set at 1,126.
2008 - Kosovo declares independence.
2011 - Libyan protests begin. In Bahrain, security forces launched a deadly Pre-dawn raid on protesters in Pearl Roundabout in Manama, the day is locally known as Bloody Thursday.
Famous Birthdays
624 - Wu Zetian, Empress of the Zhou Dynasty of China
1524 - Charles of Guise, Cardinal of Lorraine
1653 - Arcangelo Corelli, composer
1861 - Princess Helena of Waldeck and Pyrmont
1925 - Hal Holbrook, actor
1941 - Julia McKenzie, actress and theatre director
1968 - Bryan Cox, football player
1972 - Taylor Hawkins, musician
1989 - Rebecca Adlington, swimmer
1991 - Ed Sheeran, singer
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