1226 - The Roman Catholic practice of public adoration of the Blessed Sacrament outside of Mass spreads from monasteries to parishes.
1297 - Battle of Stirling Bridge: Scots jointly-led by William Wallace and Andrew Moray defeat the English.
1683 - Battle of Vienna.
1697 - Battle of Zenta.
1789 - Alexander Hamilton is appointed the first United States Secretary of the Treasury.
1792 - The Hope Diamond is stolen along with other French crown jewels when six men break into the house used to store them.
1813 - War of 1812: British troops arrive in Mount Vernon and prepare to march to and invade Washington DC.
1897 - After months of pursuit, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of Kaffa, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom.
1939 - World War II: Canada declares war on Germany, the country's first independent declaration of war
1961 - Foundation of the World Wildlife Fund.
1971 - The Egyptian Constitution becomes official.
1988 - The St Jean Bosco massacre takes place in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
1989 - Hungary announces that the East German refugees who had been housed in temporary camps were free to leave for West Germany.
2001 - Two hijacked aircraft crash into the World Trade Center in New York City, New York while a third smashes into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia in a series of coordinated suicide attacks. A fourth hijacked airliner crashes in a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania. Altogether, nearly 3,000 people are killed.
Famous Birthdays:
1525 - John George, Elector of Brandenburg
1862 - Dr H.H. Crippen, murderer
1884 - Sudhamoy Pramanick, Indian Independence activist
1914 - Patriarch Pavle of Serbia, spiritual leader
1930 - Renzo Montagnani, actor
1937 - Her Majesty Queen Paola of Belgium, consort of King Albert II of Belgium
1948 - John Martyn, musician
1957 - Jeff Sluman, golfer
1965 - Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria
1966 -Her Imperial Highness Princess Akishino of Japan
1979 - Éric Abidal, footballer
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