1216 - King John of England dies at Newark-on-Trent and is succeeded by his nine-year-old son Henry.
1469 - Ferdinand II of Aragon marries Isabella I of Castile, a marriage that paves the way to the unification of Aragon and Castile into a single country, Spain.
1512 - Martin Luther becomes a doctor of theology
1649 - New Ross town, Co. Wexford, Ireland, surrenders to Oliver Cromwell.
1812 - Napoleon I of France retreats from Moscow.
1813 - The Battle of Leipzig concludes, giving Napoleon Bonaparte one of his worst defeats.
1912 - Italy takes possession of Tripoli, Libya from the Ottoman Empire.
1935 - The League of Nations places economic sanctions on fascist Italy for its invasion of Ethiopia.
1944 - United States forces land in the Philippines.
1973 - President Richard Nixon rejects an Appeals Court decision that he turn over the Watergate tapes.
2003 - Mother Teresa is beatified by Pope John Paul II.
Famous Birthdays:
1562 - George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury
1658 - Adolf Friedrich II of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
1810 - Cassius Clay, emancipationist
1941 - Simon Ward, actor
1963 - HRH Prince Laurent of Belgium
1966 - Sinitta Malone, singer
1976 - Dan Smith, ice hockey player
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