1327 - First War of Scottish Independence: James Douglas leads a raid into Weardale and almost kills Edward III of England.
1532 - the Duchy of Brittany is annexed to the Kingdom of France.
1789 - In France members of the National Constituent Assembly take an oath to end feudalism and abandon their privileges.
1914 - World War I: Germany invades Belgium. In response, the United Kingdom declares war on Germany. The United States declare their neutrality.
1916 - World War I: Liberia declares war on Germany.
1944 - The Holocaust: a tip from a Dutch informer leads the Gestapo to a sealed-off area in an Amsterdam warehouse where they find and arrest Jewish diarist Anne Frank, her family, and four others.
1965 - The Constitution of Cook Islands comes into force, giving the Cook Islands self-governing status within New Zealand.
1984 - The Republic of Upper Volta changes its name to Burkina Faso.
Famous Birthdays:
1290 - Leopold I, Duke of Austria
1521 - Pope Urban VII
1821 - Louis Vuitton, designer
1900 - Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother (Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon), consort of King George VI and mother of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II and deceased Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon
1904 - Joe Tate, footballer
1919 - Michel Déon, writer
1946 - Maureen Starkey, ex-wife of Ringo Starr
1961 - President Barack Obama, 44th President of the United States
1981 - Ben Scott, cricketer
1992 - Cole Sprouse and Dylan Sprouse, actors
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